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The Failure of Neo-Ottomanist Foreign Policy in Turkey: The Case of Palestinian Reconciliation Process

Yıl 2022, Sayı: 12, 1 - 26, 31.12.2022

Mustafa Karakaya

https://doi.org/10.34230/fiad.1193835

Öz

This article aims to examine the Middle East-oriented neo-Ottomanist policies in Turkish foreign policy during the JDP era and to explain the reason for the failure of neo-Ottomanism through Turkey’s mediation in the reconciliation process between Hamas and Fatah in the Palestinian politics. It is argued that Turkey’s neo-Ottomanist foreign policy failed due to the presence of other regional and global actors competing for influence in the Middle East. When Turkey’s neo-Ottomanist policies conflicted with the interests of the other states seeking influence, Turkey could not achieve its neo-Ottomanist goals. The article shows Turkey’s mediation efforts in the intra-Palestinian reconciliation process as an example to this failure. In the Palestinian reconciliation process, Turkey played a mediator role for years and supported each reconciliation attempt, in accordance with its neo-Ottomanist agenda. However, as two strong actors in the Palestinian politics, the US and Israel, opposed this reconciliation and blocked all reconciliation attempts between Hamas and Fatah, Turkey’s efforts were not enough to bring the process to a permanent solution.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Neo-Ottomanism Turkey Palestine Hamas Fatah

Kaynakça

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  • Altunışık, Meliha Benli. "The Possibilities and Limits of Turkey's Soft Power in the Middle East." Insight Turkey (2008): 41-54.
  • Atmaca, Ayşe Ömür, and Zerrin Torun. "Geopolitical Visions in Turkish Foreign Policy." Journal of Balkan and Near Eastern Studies 24, no. 1 (2022): 114-37.
  • Ayaz Avan, Esengül. "Europeanization of Turkey’s Foreign Policy: The Case of Turkey’s Mediation in the Israel–Palestine Conflict." Journal of Balkan and Near Eastern Studies 21, no. 6 (2019): 678-95.
  • Baconi, Tareq. Hamas Contained: The Rise and Pacification of Palestinian Resistance. Stanford University Press, 2018.
  • Barchard, David. Turkey and the West. Chatham House Papers. Routledge, 1985.
  • Cem, İsmail. Turkey in the New Century. Rustem Publishing, 2001.
  • Çiftçi, Sabri. "Soft Power, Domestic Dividends, and Turkish Foreign Policy: The Case of Palestine." In Inter-State and Intra-State Conflicts in Global Politics: From Eurasia to China, edited by Tayyar Arı, 89-106: Rowman & Littlefield, 2022.
  • Danforth, Nicholas. "Ideology and Pragmatism in Turkish Foreign Policy: From Atatürk to the AKP." Turkish Policy Quarterly 7, no. 3 (2008): 83-95.
  • Davutoğlu, Ahmet. Stratejik Derinlik: Türkiye'nin Uluslararası Konumu. Küre Yayınları, 2001.
  • Efegil, Ertan. "Ak Parti Hükümetinin Orta Doğu Politikası Ve Abd Yönetimi Ile Batılı Uzmanların Eleştirileri." Gazi Akademik Bakış 9, no. 18 (2016): 45-58.
  • Ertem, Helin Sarı. "Filistin’in Sosyo-Ekonomik Sıkıntılarının Giderilmesinde Türkiye’nin İmkân Ve Sınırları." Türkiye Ortadoğu Çalışmaları Dergisi 6, no. 1 (2019): 133-68.
  • Karakaya, Mustafa. "Hamas and the United States: Conflicting Visions and Policies in Palestine from 1987 to 2020." Master's, Middle East Technical University, 2021.
  • Köprülü, Nur. "Turkey’s Identity and Foreign Policy in Transition since 2002: The Case of Relations with Palestine." In Kinship and Diasporas in Turkish Foreign Policy: Examples from Europe, the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean, edited by Mete Hatay and Zenonas Tziarras, 89-104: PRIO Cyprus Centre, 2019.
  • Lami, Blendi. "Recalibration of Turkish Foreign Policy During AKP Era." Central European Journal of International & Security Studies 12, no. 3 (2018).
  • Murinson, Alexander. "The Strategic Depth Doctrine of Turkish Foreign Policy." Middle Eastern Studies 42, no. 6 (2006): 945-64.
  • Sözen, Ahmet. "A Paradigm Shift in Turkish Foreign Policy: Transition and Challenges." Turkish studies 11, no. 1 (2010): 103-23.
  • Taşpınar, Ömer. "Turkey’s Middle East Policies: Between Neo-Ottomanism and Kemalism." Carnegie Papers 10 (2008).
  • Tokdoğan, Nagehan. Yeni Osmanlıcılık: Hınç, Nostalji, Narsisizm. İletişim Yayınları, 2018.
  • Tüysüzoğlu, Göktürk. "Milenyum Sonrası Türk Dış Politikası: Yeni Osmanlıcılık Ve Türk Avrasyacılığı Ekseninde İnşa Edilen Bir Pragmatizm." Alternatif Politika 5, no. 3 (2013): 295-323.
  • Uzgel, İlhan, and Volkan Yaramış. "Özal’dan Davutoğlu’na Türkiye’de Yeni Osmanlıcı Arayışlar." Doğudan 16 (2010): 36-49.
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  • Yavuz, M Hakan. "Social and Intellectual Origins of Neo-Ottomanism: Searching for a Post-National Vision." Die Welt des Islams 56, no. 3-4 (2016): 438-65.
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Türkiye’de Yeni Osmanlıcı Dış Politikanın Başarısızlığı: Filistin’deki Uzlaşma Süreci Örneği

Yıl 2022, Sayı: 12, 1 - 26, 31.12.2022

Mustafa Karakaya

https://doi.org/10.34230/fiad.1193835

Öz

Bu makale, AKP döneminde Türk dış politikasında uygulanan Orta Doğu eksenli neo-Osmanlıcı politikaları incelemeyi ve Filistin siyasetinde Hamas ile El Fetih arasındaki uzlaşma sürecinde Türkiye'nin arabuluculuğu üzerinden Yeni Osmanlıcılığın neden başarısız olduğunu açıklamayı amaçlamaktadır. Makale, Türkiye'nin Yeni Osmanlıcı dış politikasının, Ortadoğu'da nüfuz arayışında olan diğer bölgesel ve küresel aktörlerin varlığı nedeniyle başarıya ulaşamadığını savunmaktadır. Türkiye'nin neo-Osmanlıcı politikaları bölgede nüfuz arayan diğer devletlerin çıkarlarıyla çatıştığında, Türkiye neo-Osmanlıcı hedeflerine ulaşamamıştır. Makale, Türkiye'nin Filistinliler arasındaki uzlaşma sürecindeki arabuluculuk çabalarını bu başarısızlığın bir örneği olarak sunmaktadır. Türkiye, Yeni Osmanlıcı siyasetine uygun olarak, Filistin uzlaşma sürecinde yıllarca arabulucu rolü oynamış ve her bir uzlaşma girişimini desteklemiştir. Ancak Filistin siyasetinin iki güçlü aktörü ABD ve İsrail bu uzlaşmaya karşı çıkarak Hamas ile El Fetih arasındaki tüm uzlaşma girişimlerini engellediğinden, Türkiye'nin çabaları süreci kalıcı bir çözüme ulaştırmak için yeterli olmamıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yeni Osmanlıcılık Türkiye Filistin Hamas El Fetih

Kaynakça

  • Alsaftawi, Mohammed. Turkish Policy Towards Israel and Palestine: Continuity and Change in the Relations of the Turkish-Palestinian-Israeli Triangle under the Rule of the Justice and Development Party (AKP)(2002-2016). Doctoral Dissertation, Ghent University, 2017.
  • Altunışık, Meliha B, and Lenore G Martin. "Making Sense of Turkish Foreign Policy in the Middle East under AKP." Turkish Studies 12, no. 4 (2011): 569-87.
  • Altunışık, Meliha Benli. "The Possibilities and Limits of Turkey's Soft Power in the Middle East." Insight Turkey (2008): 41-54.
  • Atmaca, Ayşe Ömür, and Zerrin Torun. "Geopolitical Visions in Turkish Foreign Policy." Journal of Balkan and Near Eastern Studies 24, no. 1 (2022): 114-37.
  • Ayaz Avan, Esengül. "Europeanization of Turkey’s Foreign Policy: The Case of Turkey’s Mediation in the Israel–Palestine Conflict." Journal of Balkan and Near Eastern Studies 21, no. 6 (2019): 678-95.
  • Baconi, Tareq. Hamas Contained: The Rise and Pacification of Palestinian Resistance. Stanford University Press, 2018.
  • Barchard, David. Turkey and the West. Chatham House Papers. Routledge, 1985.
  • Cem, İsmail. Turkey in the New Century. Rustem Publishing, 2001.
  • Çiftçi, Sabri. "Soft Power, Domestic Dividends, and Turkish Foreign Policy: The Case of Palestine." In Inter-State and Intra-State Conflicts in Global Politics: From Eurasia to China, edited by Tayyar Arı, 89-106: Rowman & Littlefield, 2022.
  • Danforth, Nicholas. "Ideology and Pragmatism in Turkish Foreign Policy: From Atatürk to the AKP." Turkish Policy Quarterly 7, no. 3 (2008): 83-95.
  • Davutoğlu, Ahmet. Stratejik Derinlik: Türkiye'nin Uluslararası Konumu. Küre Yayınları, 2001.
  • Efegil, Ertan. "Ak Parti Hükümetinin Orta Doğu Politikası Ve Abd Yönetimi Ile Batılı Uzmanların Eleştirileri." Gazi Akademik Bakış 9, no. 18 (2016): 45-58.
  • Ertem, Helin Sarı. "Filistin’in Sosyo-Ekonomik Sıkıntılarının Giderilmesinde Türkiye’nin İmkân Ve Sınırları." Türkiye Ortadoğu Çalışmaları Dergisi 6, no. 1 (2019): 133-68.
  • Karakaya, Mustafa. "Hamas and the United States: Conflicting Visions and Policies in Palestine from 1987 to 2020." Master's, Middle East Technical University, 2021.
  • Köprülü, Nur. "Turkey’s Identity and Foreign Policy in Transition since 2002: The Case of Relations with Palestine." In Kinship and Diasporas in Turkish Foreign Policy: Examples from Europe, the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean, edited by Mete Hatay and Zenonas Tziarras, 89-104: PRIO Cyprus Centre, 2019.
  • Lami, Blendi. "Recalibration of Turkish Foreign Policy During AKP Era." Central European Journal of International & Security Studies 12, no. 3 (2018).
  • Murinson, Alexander. "The Strategic Depth Doctrine of Turkish Foreign Policy." Middle Eastern Studies 42, no. 6 (2006): 945-64.
  • Sözen, Ahmet. "A Paradigm Shift in Turkish Foreign Policy: Transition and Challenges." Turkish studies 11, no. 1 (2010): 103-23.
  • Taşpınar, Ömer. "Turkey’s Middle East Policies: Between Neo-Ottomanism and Kemalism." Carnegie Papers 10 (2008).
  • Tokdoğan, Nagehan. Yeni Osmanlıcılık: Hınç, Nostalji, Narsisizm. İletişim Yayınları, 2018.
  • Tüysüzoğlu, Göktürk. "Milenyum Sonrası Türk Dış Politikası: Yeni Osmanlıcılık Ve Türk Avrasyacılığı Ekseninde İnşa Edilen Bir Pragmatizm." Alternatif Politika 5, no. 3 (2013): 295-323.
  • Uzgel, İlhan, and Volkan Yaramış. "Özal’dan Davutoğlu’na Türkiye’de Yeni Osmanlıcı Arayışlar." Doğudan 16 (2010): 36-49.
  • Wastnidge, Edward. "Imperial Grandeur and Selective Memory: Re-Assessing Neo-Ottomanism in Turkish Foreign and Domestic Politics." Middle East Critique 28, no. 1 (2019): 7-28.
  • Yavuz, M Hakan. "Social and Intellectual Origins of Neo-Ottomanism: Searching for a Post-National Vision." Die Welt des Islams 56, no. 3-4 (2016): 438-65.
  • Yavuz, M Hakan. Nostalgia for the Empire: The Politics of Neo-Ottomanism. Oxford University Press, 2020.
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  • Raxhimi, Altin. "Davutoglu: ‘I’m Not a Neo-Ottoman’." Balkan Insight, April 2011, accessed 09.05.2022, https://balkaninsight.com/2011/04/26/davutoglu-i-m-not-a-neo-ottoman/.
  • Republic of Turkey Ministry of Foreign Affairs. "Dışişleri Bakanı Sayın Ahmet Davutoğlu’nun Trt Türk Televizyonuna Verdikleri Özel Mülakat, 26 Temmuz 2014, Paris." July 2014, accessed 02.06.2022, https://www.mfa.gov.tr/disisleri-bakani-sayin-ahmet-davutoglu_nun-trt-turk-televizyonuna-verdikleri-ozel-mulakat_-26-temmuz-2014_-paris.tr.mfa.
  • Republic of Turkey Ministry of Foreign Affairs. "Dışişleri Bakanlığı Sözcüsü Sayın Burak Özügergin’in Olağan Basın Toplantısı, 5 Ağustos 2009." August 2009, accessed 22.05.2022, https://www.mfa.gov.tr/disisleri-bakanligi-sozcusu-sayin-burak-ozugergin_in-olagan-basin-toplantisi_-5-agustos-2009_.tr.mfa.
  • Republic of Turkey Ministry of Foreign Affairs. "No.308, Press Release Regarding the Meeting between the President of Palestine Mahmoud Abbas and Hamas Leader Halid Mashaal." December 2011, accessed 22.05.2022, https://www.mfa.gov.tr/no_308_-press-release-regarding-the-meeting-between-the-president-of-palestine-mahmoud-abbas-and-hamas-leader-halid-mashaal.en.mfa.
  • Republic of Turkey Ministry of Foreign Affairs. "No:94;- 19 June 2007, Press Statement Regarding Events;in Gaza and the Dissolution of the National Unity Government." June 2007, accessed 22.05.2022, https://www.mfa.gov.tr/_p_no_94_--19-june-2007_-press-statement-regarding-events_in-gaza-and-the-dissolution-of-the-national-unity-government_-_unofficial-translation_-__p_.en.mfa.
  • Republic of Turkey Ministry of Foreign Affairs. "No: 19, 16 January 2021, Press Release Regarding the Presidential Decree on Holding of Elections in Palestine." January 2021, accessed 02.06.2022, https://www.mfa.gov.tr/no_-19_-filistin-de-secimlerin-duzenlenmesine-iliskin-baskanlik-kararnamesi-hk.en.mfa.
  • Republic of Turkey Ministry of Foreign Affairs. "No: 40, 10 February 2012, Press Release Regarding the Doha Declaration." February 2012, accessed 22.02.2022, https://www.mfa.gov.tr/no_-40_-10-february-2012_-press-release-regarding-the-doha-declaration.en.mfa.
  • Republic of Turkey Ministry of Foreign Affairs. "No: 127, 24 April 2014, Press Release Regarding the Reconciliation Agreement Reached between Fatah and Hamas." April 2014, accessed 01.06.2022, https://www.mfa.gov.tr/no_-127_-24-april-2014_-press-release-regarding-the-reconciliation-agreement-reached-between-fatah-and-hamas.en.mfa.
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Toplam 60 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Siyaset Bilimi
Bölüm ARAŞTIRMA MAKALELERİ
Yazarlar

Mustafa Karakaya 0000-0002-9621-1915

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 30 Aralık 2022
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 24 Ekim 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Sayı: 12

Kaynak Göster

Chicago Karakaya, Mustafa. “The Failure of Neo-Ottomanist Foreign Policy in Turkey: The Case of Palestinian Reconciliation Process”. Filistin Araştırmaları Dergisi, sy. 12 (Aralık 2022): 1-26. https://doi.org/10.34230/fiad.1193835.
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