Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

İsrail'in Gazze Savaşı Öncesinde Filistin’i İşgali ve Filistin’in Geleceği

Year 2025, Issue: 18, 282 - 304, 31.12.2025

Murat Köylü

https://doi.org/10.34230/fiad.1486051
https://izlik.org/JA43PF85ND

Abstract

İlk Yahudi yerleşimcinin Filistin topraklarına yerleştiği günden itibaren İsrail farklı yöntemlerle Filistin topraklarını sistematik bir şekilde işgal ve ilhak etmeye başlamıştır. Kuruluşunu ilan ettiği 1948 ve sonrasında başlayan bölge deki Arap ülkeleriyle yaşanan savaşlar, İsrail’i agresif ve paranoyak bir yapıya sokmuş, öncelikle elde ettiği kazanımları korumak, sonra da hedeflediği coğrafi sınırlara ulaşmak için her türlü yöntemi uygulamaya koymuştur. Özellikle üç semavi dinin doğuş ve yaşam sürecinin beşiği olan Kudüs şehrine sahip olma duygusu, mücadelenin odak noktası haline gelmiştir. 1948’de İsrail Devleti’nin kurulması ve devamında 1967 Arap-İsrail Savaşları sonrası İsrail’in işgali genişletmesi, bölgede yaşayan Filistin Halkını, tüm insan hakları kurallarını hiçe sayarak, zorla yerlerinden yurtlarından etmesi, Yahudi göçmenlere her fırsatta yerleşim yerleri açması, daha vahim olanı ise bütün dünyanın yaşanan insanlık dışı zulme göz yumması günümüzün en önemli trajik gerçeği haline getirmiştir. 7 Ekim süreciyle başlayan ve on binlerce masum insanın İsrail ordusu tarafından katledilmesi İsrail`in işgal sürecinin sonuna doğru en büyük hamlesi olduğunu göstermektedir. Filistin topraklarındaki terörü yok etme bahanesiyle yüzbinlerce Filistinliyi yaşadıkları yerlerden zorla göç ettirmesi ise kuruluşundan itibaren sürdürdüğü işgal politikasının nihai bir sonucu olarak görülebilir. Ancak İsrail’in orantısız misillemeleri, yerleşik uluslararası normları ve savaş hukuklarını ihlali ve hastaneler de dahil olmak üzere sivillere yönelik saldırılarının uluslararası ilişkilere ve özellikle Orta Doğu bölgesine ciddi yansımaları olacaktır. Çalışmanın konusu, İsrail`in Filistin topraklarına gelişinden itibaren, günümüzde yaşanan Gazze savaşına kadar süregelen işgali ve sonrası siyasetini incelemektir.

Keywords

Gazze İsrail Filistin İşgal Gelecek

References

  • Abu-Lughod, Janet. “Israeli Settlements in Occupied Arab Lands: From Conquest to Colony.” Journal of Palestine Studies 11, no. 2 (1982): 29–43.
  • Armaoğlu, Fahir. 20. Yüzyıl Siyasi Tarihi 1914–1995. Istanbul: Alkım Yayınevi, 2007.
  • Aronson, Geoffrey. “Settlement Monitor.” Journal of Palestine Studies 30, no. 3 (Spring 2001): 142–70.
  • Ataöv, Türkkaya. Kudüs ve Devletler Hukuku. Ankara: Yonca Matbaası, 1981.
  • Ayyash, Abdul-ilah Abu. “Israeli Planning Policy in the Occupied Territories.” Journal of Palestine Studies 11, no. 1 (Autumn 1981): 111–32.
  • Ben-Ami, Shlomo. Scars of War, Wounds of Peace: The Israeli-Arab Tragedy. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006.
  • Bickerton, Ian J. The Arab-Israeli Conflict: A History. London: Reaktion Books, 2009.
  • Comay, Joan. Who’s Who in Jewish History. New York: Routledge, 2005.
  • Dumper, Michael. “Israeli Settlement in the Old City of Jerusalem.” Journal of Palestine Studies 21, no. 4 (1992): 37–55.
  • El-Fetouh, A. A. “Why Did the Muslim Leaders Bother to Convene?” Middle East Monitor, November 14, 2023. https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20231114-why-did-the-muslim-leaders-bother-to-convene/.
  • Ellenberg, Jordan. “Proportionate Response.” Slate, July 24, 2006. https://slate.com/human-interest/2006/07/does-one-israeli-death-really-equal-47-american-deaths.html.
  • Evans, Matt. “Defending Territorial Sovereignty through Civilian Settlement: The Case of Israel’s Population Dispersal Policy.” Israel Affairs 12, no. 3 (2006): 590–611.
  • Frantzman, Seth J., and Ruth Kark. “The Muslim Settlement of Late Ottoman and Mandatory Palestine: Comparison with Jewish Settlement Patterns.” Digest of Middle East Studies 22, no. 1 (2013): 80–98.
  • Global Security. “Operation Iron Swords.” November 19, 2023. Accessed November 22, 2023. https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/war/operation-ironswords-2023-11-19.htm.
  • Golan, Arnon. “European Imperialism and the Development of Modern Palestine: Was Zionism a Form of Colonialism?” Space and Polity 5, no. 2 (2001): 136–45.
  • Harms, Gregory, and Todd M. Ferry. The Palestine-Israel Conflict: A Basic Introduction. Miami: Pluto Press, 2008.
  • Heller, Joseph. The Birth of Israel, 1945–1949: Ben-Gurion and His Critics. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2003.
  • Institute for Palestine Studies. “The Peace Process.” Special Document File. Journal of Palestine Studies 25, no. 2 (1996): 123–40.
  • International Press Institute. “Gaza War: As Killings of Journalists Continue, IPI Reiterates Call to Protect Safety of the Press and Civilians.” November 21, 2023. https://ipi.media/ipi-reiterates-call-to-protectsafety-of-the-press-and-civilians-israel-gaza-war/.
  • Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs. “Security Cabinet Declares Gaza Hostile Territory.” September 19, 2007. Accessed November 12, 2023. http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Government/Communiques/2007/Security+Cabinet+declares+Gaza+hostile+territory+19-Sep-2007.htm.
  • Kellerman, Aharon. Society and Settlement: Jewish Land of Israel in the Twentieth Century. SUNY Series in Israeli Studies. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1993.
  • Khouri, Fred J. The Arab-Israeli Dilemma. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1985.
  • Klein, Zvika. “Israel Receives 70,000 New Immigrants in 2022, Highest Rate in Decades.” The Jerusalem Post, December 22, 2022. Accessed November 22, 2023. https://www.jpost.com/aliyah/article-725547.
  • Lein, Yehezkel. Land Grab: Israel’s Settlement Policy in the West Bank. Edited by Yael Stein. Jerusalem: B’Tselem, May 2002.
  • Lesch, Ann Mosely. “Israeli Settlements in the Occupied Territories, 1967–1977.” Journal of Palestine Studies 7, no. 1 (1977): 27–46.
  • Matar, Ibrahim. “Israeli Settlements in the West Bank and Gaza Strip.” Journal of Palestine Studies 11, no. 1 (1981): 99–121.
  • MERIP Reports. “Israeli Settlements Policy.” MERIP Reports, no. 59 (1977): 20–45.
  • Middle East Peace Foundation. “Report on Israeli Settlement in the Occupied Territories.” 21, no. 4 (July–August 2011): 1–8.
  • Neuman, Shoshana. “Aliyah to Israel: Immigration under Conditions of Adversity.” IZA Discussion Paper No. 89. Bonn: Institute for the Study of Labor, December 1999.
  • Ofer, Dalia. “Holocaust Survivors as Immigrants: The Case of Israel and the Cyprus Detainees.” Modern Judaism 16, no. 1 (1996): 9–28.
  • Pappe, Ilan. The Ethnic Cleansing of Palestine. Oxford: Oneworld Publications, 2011.
  • Perlmutter, Amos. Military and Politics in Israel. London: Frank Cass, 1969.
  • Romann, Michael. “Territory and Demography: The Case of the Jewish-Arab National Struggle.” Middle Eastern Studies 26, no. 3 (1990): 375–90.
  • Rowley, Charles K., and Jennis Taylor. “The Israel and Palestine Land Settlement Problem: An Analytical History, 4000 B.C.E.–1948 C.E.” Public Choice 128, no. 1/2 (2006): 53–70.
  • Schnell, Izhak, and Shaul Mishal. “Place as a Source of Identity in Colonizing Societies: Israeli Settlements in Gaza.” Geographical Review 98, no. 2 (2008): 246–65.
  • Shafir, Gershon. Land, Labor and the Origins of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, 1882–1914. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1989.
  • Sher, Gilead. “Comparing the ‘Deal of the Century’ with Previous Plans.” INSS Insight, no. 1255 (February 2, 2020). Accessed November 22, 2023. https://www.inss.org.il/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/no.-1255-1.pdf.
  • Shlaim, Avi. “Israeli Politics and Middle East Peacemaking.” Journal of Palestine Studies 24, no. 4 (1995): 21–41.
  • Tessler, Mark. “The Intifada and Political Discourse in Israel.” Journal of Palestine Studies 19, no. 2 (1990): 47–68.
  • Tillman, Seth. “The West Bank Hearings: Israel’s Colonization of Occupied Territory.” Journal of Palestine Studies 7, no. 2 (1978): 75–91.
  • Topal, Ahmet Hamdi. “İsrail’in Gazze Ablukası ve Mavi Marmara Saldırısı.” Public and Private International Law Bulletin 32, no. 1 (2012): 103–54.
  • Troen, S. Ilan. Imagining Zion: Dreams, Designs, and Realities in a Century of Jewish Settlement. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2003.
  • TRT Haber. “İsrail’e Yahudi göçünde son 20 yılın en yüksek rakamına ulaşıldı.” September 27, 2022. Accessed November 22, 2023. https://www.trthaber.com/haber/dunya/israile-yahudigocunde-son-20-yilin-en-yuksek-rakamina-ulasildi-711843.html.
  • Weitz, Yechiam. “Jewish Refugees and Zionist Policy during the Holocaust.” Middle Eastern Studies 30, no. 2 (1994): 355–70.
  • Yüksek, Emre. “Israeli Settlements in the West Bank Before and After the Peace Process.” Master’s thesis, Middle East Technical University, 2011.

Israel's Invasion of Palestine Before the Gaza War and The Future of Palestine

Year 2025, Issue: 18, 282 - 304, 31.12.2025

Murat Köylü

https://doi.org/10.34230/fiad.1486051
https://izlik.org/JA43PF85ND

Abstract

Since the day the first Jewish settlers settled in Palestine, Israel has systematically occupied and annexed Palestinian territories through different methods. The wars with the Arab countries in the region, which started in 1948 and afterwards, have put Israel into an aggressive and paranoid structure, and it has put all kinds of methods into practice in order to protect the gains it has achieved and then to reach the geographical borders it targets. In particular, the sense of ownership of the city of Jerusalem, the cradle of the birth and life of the three Abrahamic religions, has become the focal point of the struggle. The establishment of the State of Israel in 1948 and the subsequent expansion of Israel's occupation after the 1967 Arab-Israeli Wars, the forced displacement of the Palestinian people living in the region, disregarding all human rights rules, the opening of settlements to Jewish immigrants at every opportunity, and more gravely, the fact that the whole world turns a blind eye to the inhuman cruelty has become the most important tragic reality of our day. Starting with the October 7 process, the massacre of tens of thousands of innocent people by the Israeli army is the biggest move towards the end of Israel`s occupation process. The forced displacement of hundreds of thousands of Palestinians from their homes under the pretext of eliminating terrorism in the Palestinian territories can be seen as the final result of the occupation policy it has pursued since its establishment. However, Israel's disproportionate reprisals, violations of established international norms and laws of war, and attacks on civilians, including hospitals, will have serious repercussions on international relations, especially in the Middle East region. The subject of this study is to examine Israel's occupation and post-occupation policy from its arrival in the Palestinian territories until the current Gaza war.

Keywords

Gaza Israel Palestine Occupation Future

References

  • Abu-Lughod, Janet. “Israeli Settlements in Occupied Arab Lands: From Conquest to Colony.” Journal of Palestine Studies 11, no. 2 (1982): 29–43.
  • Armaoğlu, Fahir. 20. Yüzyıl Siyasi Tarihi 1914–1995. Istanbul: Alkım Yayınevi, 2007.
  • Aronson, Geoffrey. “Settlement Monitor.” Journal of Palestine Studies 30, no. 3 (Spring 2001): 142–70.
  • Ataöv, Türkkaya. Kudüs ve Devletler Hukuku. Ankara: Yonca Matbaası, 1981.
  • Ayyash, Abdul-ilah Abu. “Israeli Planning Policy in the Occupied Territories.” Journal of Palestine Studies 11, no. 1 (Autumn 1981): 111–32.
  • Ben-Ami, Shlomo. Scars of War, Wounds of Peace: The Israeli-Arab Tragedy. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006.
  • Bickerton, Ian J. The Arab-Israeli Conflict: A History. London: Reaktion Books, 2009.
  • Comay, Joan. Who’s Who in Jewish History. New York: Routledge, 2005.
  • Dumper, Michael. “Israeli Settlement in the Old City of Jerusalem.” Journal of Palestine Studies 21, no. 4 (1992): 37–55.
  • El-Fetouh, A. A. “Why Did the Muslim Leaders Bother to Convene?” Middle East Monitor, November 14, 2023. https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20231114-why-did-the-muslim-leaders-bother-to-convene/.
  • Ellenberg, Jordan. “Proportionate Response.” Slate, July 24, 2006. https://slate.com/human-interest/2006/07/does-one-israeli-death-really-equal-47-american-deaths.html.
  • Evans, Matt. “Defending Territorial Sovereignty through Civilian Settlement: The Case of Israel’s Population Dispersal Policy.” Israel Affairs 12, no. 3 (2006): 590–611.
  • Frantzman, Seth J., and Ruth Kark. “The Muslim Settlement of Late Ottoman and Mandatory Palestine: Comparison with Jewish Settlement Patterns.” Digest of Middle East Studies 22, no. 1 (2013): 80–98.
  • Global Security. “Operation Iron Swords.” November 19, 2023. Accessed November 22, 2023. https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/war/operation-ironswords-2023-11-19.htm.
  • Golan, Arnon. “European Imperialism and the Development of Modern Palestine: Was Zionism a Form of Colonialism?” Space and Polity 5, no. 2 (2001): 136–45.
  • Harms, Gregory, and Todd M. Ferry. The Palestine-Israel Conflict: A Basic Introduction. Miami: Pluto Press, 2008.
  • Heller, Joseph. The Birth of Israel, 1945–1949: Ben-Gurion and His Critics. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2003.
  • Institute for Palestine Studies. “The Peace Process.” Special Document File. Journal of Palestine Studies 25, no. 2 (1996): 123–40.
  • International Press Institute. “Gaza War: As Killings of Journalists Continue, IPI Reiterates Call to Protect Safety of the Press and Civilians.” November 21, 2023. https://ipi.media/ipi-reiterates-call-to-protectsafety-of-the-press-and-civilians-israel-gaza-war/.
  • Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs. “Security Cabinet Declares Gaza Hostile Territory.” September 19, 2007. Accessed November 12, 2023. http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Government/Communiques/2007/Security+Cabinet+declares+Gaza+hostile+territory+19-Sep-2007.htm.
  • Kellerman, Aharon. Society and Settlement: Jewish Land of Israel in the Twentieth Century. SUNY Series in Israeli Studies. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1993.
  • Khouri, Fred J. The Arab-Israeli Dilemma. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1985.
  • Klein, Zvika. “Israel Receives 70,000 New Immigrants in 2022, Highest Rate in Decades.” The Jerusalem Post, December 22, 2022. Accessed November 22, 2023. https://www.jpost.com/aliyah/article-725547.
  • Lein, Yehezkel. Land Grab: Israel’s Settlement Policy in the West Bank. Edited by Yael Stein. Jerusalem: B’Tselem, May 2002.
  • Lesch, Ann Mosely. “Israeli Settlements in the Occupied Territories, 1967–1977.” Journal of Palestine Studies 7, no. 1 (1977): 27–46.
  • Matar, Ibrahim. “Israeli Settlements in the West Bank and Gaza Strip.” Journal of Palestine Studies 11, no. 1 (1981): 99–121.
  • MERIP Reports. “Israeli Settlements Policy.” MERIP Reports, no. 59 (1977): 20–45.
  • Middle East Peace Foundation. “Report on Israeli Settlement in the Occupied Territories.” 21, no. 4 (July–August 2011): 1–8.
  • Neuman, Shoshana. “Aliyah to Israel: Immigration under Conditions of Adversity.” IZA Discussion Paper No. 89. Bonn: Institute for the Study of Labor, December 1999.
  • Ofer, Dalia. “Holocaust Survivors as Immigrants: The Case of Israel and the Cyprus Detainees.” Modern Judaism 16, no. 1 (1996): 9–28.
  • Pappe, Ilan. The Ethnic Cleansing of Palestine. Oxford: Oneworld Publications, 2011.
  • Perlmutter, Amos. Military and Politics in Israel. London: Frank Cass, 1969.
  • Romann, Michael. “Territory and Demography: The Case of the Jewish-Arab National Struggle.” Middle Eastern Studies 26, no. 3 (1990): 375–90.
  • Rowley, Charles K., and Jennis Taylor. “The Israel and Palestine Land Settlement Problem: An Analytical History, 4000 B.C.E.–1948 C.E.” Public Choice 128, no. 1/2 (2006): 53–70.
  • Schnell, Izhak, and Shaul Mishal. “Place as a Source of Identity in Colonizing Societies: Israeli Settlements in Gaza.” Geographical Review 98, no. 2 (2008): 246–65.
  • Shafir, Gershon. Land, Labor and the Origins of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, 1882–1914. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1989.
  • Sher, Gilead. “Comparing the ‘Deal of the Century’ with Previous Plans.” INSS Insight, no. 1255 (February 2, 2020). Accessed November 22, 2023. https://www.inss.org.il/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/no.-1255-1.pdf.
  • Shlaim, Avi. “Israeli Politics and Middle East Peacemaking.” Journal of Palestine Studies 24, no. 4 (1995): 21–41.
  • Tessler, Mark. “The Intifada and Political Discourse in Israel.” Journal of Palestine Studies 19, no. 2 (1990): 47–68.
  • Tillman, Seth. “The West Bank Hearings: Israel’s Colonization of Occupied Territory.” Journal of Palestine Studies 7, no. 2 (1978): 75–91.
  • Topal, Ahmet Hamdi. “İsrail’in Gazze Ablukası ve Mavi Marmara Saldırısı.” Public and Private International Law Bulletin 32, no. 1 (2012): 103–54.
  • Troen, S. Ilan. Imagining Zion: Dreams, Designs, and Realities in a Century of Jewish Settlement. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2003.
  • TRT Haber. “İsrail’e Yahudi göçünde son 20 yılın en yüksek rakamına ulaşıldı.” September 27, 2022. Accessed November 22, 2023. https://www.trthaber.com/haber/dunya/israile-yahudigocunde-son-20-yilin-en-yuksek-rakamina-ulasildi-711843.html.
  • Weitz, Yechiam. “Jewish Refugees and Zionist Policy during the Holocaust.” Middle Eastern Studies 30, no. 2 (1994): 355–70.
  • Yüksek, Emre. “Israeli Settlements in the West Bank Before and After the Peace Process.” Master’s thesis, Middle East Technical University, 2011.
There are 45 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Middle East Studies
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Murat Köylü 0000-0001-7759-7675

Submission Date May 18, 2024
Acceptance Date December 22, 2025
Publication Date December 31, 2025
DOI https://doi.org/10.34230/fiad.1486051
IZ https://izlik.org/JA43PF85ND
Published in Issue Year 2025 Issue: 18

Cite

Chicago Köylü, Murat. 2025. “Israel’s Invasion of Palestine Before the Gaza War and The Future of Palestine”. Filistin Araştırmaları Dergisi, nos. 18: 282-304. https://doi.org/10.34230/fiad.1486051.

 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. Click for more information.

Indexes / Databases: SCOPUS| EBSCO| INDEX ISLAMICUS| MLA | INDEX COPERNICUS | CEEOL | SCIENTIFIC INDEXING | DRJI | İSAM | ASOS İNDEKS

Filistin Araştırmaları Dergisi- FAD

[Bulletin of Palestine Studies]

[כתב העת ללימודים פלסטיניים]

[مجلة دراسات فلسطينية ]

ISSN: 2587-2532

E-ISSN 2587-1862 

www.filistin.org