Asia Minor Studies

Öz

In
the World War I, the Ottoman State fought many states at the same time on
different front lines. One of the countries that fought was the most powerful
state of the epoch, England. England waged a war against the Ottoman Empire
with states that were allied to bring new territories to their colonies. They
started revolts against the Turkish rule by provoking Arabs in the Middle East.
In this context, they directed the policy of dividing these lands under the
Turkish rule After the World War I, the victorious states began to loot the
territories of the German and Turkish empires with the Versailles arrangement.
In this new world order they formed, they began to exploit the land they
occupied with the new administration system called "Mandate". For England,
Palestine had a different importance in Middle East. Palestine was a holy
country for three religions. The Jews, who were excluded from Europe, entered
into an effort to establish themselves a “National Home”. Zionism, which was
established in line with this goal and based on Jewish nationalism, directed
this plan by acting together with England. These plans had begun before the
First World War, but could have moved into post-war action. The Zionist
Organization, founded in the 19th century, declared to the whole world that the
First World War was an opportunity to establish a Jewish dwelling in Palestine
with the Declaration of Balfour, published in 1917. Thus, it was seen after the
war that the British promised independence both to Jews and Arabs over
Palestine. Communities that living peacefully under the Turkish rule have
entered into a conflict that has come to the present. England was the
“Maecenas” of the Jews with the financial supports received from the Zionist
Organization. The minority Jews compared to the Arabs were almost equal to
having an equal population of Arabs with the great immigrations. The temporary
Military administration in Palestine and the later Mandate administration
facilitated the establishment of the State of Israel. In this process, England
has laid the foundations of the Jewish State by creating administrative, law,
social and financial structures in Palestine.