II. Manuel Palaiologos’un Selaniklilere Tavsiye Söylevi: 1383-1387 Osmanlı Selanik Kuşatmasına Dair Bir Metin
Abstract
Bu makale Bizans imparatoru II. Manuel Palaiologos’un (1350-1425) tahta çıkmadan önce, Selanik yöneticisiyken yazdığı bir söylevi incelemektedir. 1382-1387 yılları arasında Selanik’i babası V. Ioannes’ten bağımsız bir şekilde yöneten Manuel, aynı zamanda onun Osmanlılara karşı uzlaşmacı tutumunu reddetmiş ve onlarla çatışmaya girmiştir. Bu nedenle, Selanik 1383 senesinde Sultan I. Murad’ın emriyle kuşatılmıştır. Manuel, bilhassa Osmanlılara direnmek istemeyen ve haraç ödeme yanlısı olan bazı Selaniklileri savaşmaya ikna etmek üzere Selaniklilere Tavsiye Söylevi eserini kaleme almış ve icra etmiştir. Ağır bir Attika Yunancasıyla yazılmış olan söylev çok az çalışılmıştır, ancak hem içerdiği tarihi bilgiler bakımından hem de edebi nitelikleri nedeniyle oldukça dikkat çekicidir. Söylev Yunanca aslından okunabilmektedir, bildiğimiz kadarıyla henüz modern bir dile çevirisi yoktur. Bu makale Selaniklilere Tavsiye Söylevi’nin Türkçe çevirisini ve eserin ilk detaylı incelemesini içerecektir. Makale, sırasıyla Manuel’in Selanik’teki yönetimini, söylevin yazım ve icrasını, temalarını ve edebi özelliklerini tartıştıktan sonra eserin Yunanca aslından çevirisini dipnotlarda verilen açıklamalar eşliğinde sunacaktır.
References
- Chalkokondyles, Laonikos. The Histories, ed. ve çev. A. Kaldellis (Cambridge MA ve Londra, 2014)
- Glabas, Isidoros. ‘Ἰσιδώρου Ἀρχιεπισκόπου Θεσσαλονίκης Ὀμιλίαι εἰς τὰς ‘Εορτὰς τοῦ Ἁγίου Δημητρίου’, ed. Basileios Laourdas, Ἑλληνικά 5, 1954, 19-65.
- Ἰσιδώρου Γλαβᾶ Ἀρχιεπισκόπου Θεσσαλονίκης Ὁμιλίες, 2 vols, ed. B. Ch. Christophorides (Selanik, 1992-1996)
- ________ ‘’Ισιδώρου μητροπολίτου Θεσσαλονίκης, ὀκτῶ ἐπιστολαὶ ἀνέκδοτοι’, ed. S. Lampros, Νέος Ἑλληνομνήμων 9 (1912), 343-414.
- Hermogenes. Περί Ἰδεῶν, Hermogenis Opera, ed. H. Rabe (Leipzig, 1913; yeniden basım 1969)
- Palaiologos, Manuel. ‘Ο συμβουλετικὸς πρὸς τοὺς Θεσσαλονίκεῖς τοῦ Μανουὴλ Παλαιολόγου’, ed. B. Laourdas, Μακεδονικά 3 (1955), 290-307.
- Dialoge mit einem Perser, ed. E. Trapp (Viyana, 1966)
- Dialoge mit einem Muslim, 3 vols, ed. ve çev. K. Förstel (Würzburg, 1995)
- Funeral Oration to His Brother Theodore, ed. ve çev. J. Chrysostomides (Selanik, 1985)
- The Letters of Manuel II Palaeologus, ed. ve çev. G. T. Dennis (Washington DC, 1977)
- Kydones, Demetrios. Démétrius Cydonès Correspondance, 2 vols, ed. R. J. Loenertz (Roma, Vatikan, 1951-1960).
- Thiriet, F. Régestes des délibérations du sénat de Venise concernant la Romanie, 3 vols (Paris, 1958)
The Advisory Discourse to the Thessalonians of Manuel II Palaiologos: A Text on the Ottoman siege of Thessalonike between 1383-1387
Abstract
This article discusses an oration written by the Byzantine Emperor Manuel II Palaiologos (1350-1425) as the ruler of Thessalonike prior to his accession. While governing Thessalonike between 1383-1387 independently from his father John V, Manuel refused his father’s policy of reconciliation towards the Ottomans and instead, entered into military conflicts with them. As an outcome of Manuel’s policy, Thessalonike was besieged in 1383 on the orders of the Ottoman Sultan Murad I. Manuel wrote and performed the Advisory Discourse to the Thessalonians in order to persuade the Thessalonians to fight aganist the Ottomans, targeting particularly those citizens who inclined towards surrendering and paying tribute to the Ottomans. The oration, composed in a rather difficult Attic Greek is understudied , yet it is noteworthy on the account of the historical information it offers, as well of its literary aspects. This article offers a translation of the Advisory Discourse to the Thessalonians into Turkish and the first in-depth study of the oration. This article will discuss in sequence Manuel’s rule in Thessalonike, the composition and the performance of the oration, its themes and literary aspects. Finally, the article will offer a Turkish translation of the oration, accompanied by extensive notes.
Keywords
Byzantine-Ottoman Relations Manuel II Palaiologos Thessalonike Byzantine Literature Oration
References
- Chalkokondyles, Laonikos. The Histories, ed. ve çev. A. Kaldellis (Cambridge MA ve Londra, 2014)
- Glabas, Isidoros. ‘Ἰσιδώρου Ἀρχιεπισκόπου Θεσσαλονίκης Ὀμιλίαι εἰς τὰς ‘Εορτὰς τοῦ Ἁγίου Δημητρίου’, ed. Basileios Laourdas, Ἑλληνικά 5, 1954, 19-65.
- Ἰσιδώρου Γλαβᾶ Ἀρχιεπισκόπου Θεσσαλονίκης Ὁμιλίες, 2 vols, ed. B. Ch. Christophorides (Selanik, 1992-1996)
- ________ ‘’Ισιδώρου μητροπολίτου Θεσσαλονίκης, ὀκτῶ ἐπιστολαὶ ἀνέκδοτοι’, ed. S. Lampros, Νέος Ἑλληνομνήμων 9 (1912), 343-414.
- Hermogenes. Περί Ἰδεῶν, Hermogenis Opera, ed. H. Rabe (Leipzig, 1913; yeniden basım 1969)
- Palaiologos, Manuel. ‘Ο συμβουλετικὸς πρὸς τοὺς Θεσσαλονίκεῖς τοῦ Μανουὴλ Παλαιολόγου’, ed. B. Laourdas, Μακεδονικά 3 (1955), 290-307.
- Dialoge mit einem Perser, ed. E. Trapp (Viyana, 1966)
- Dialoge mit einem Muslim, 3 vols, ed. ve çev. K. Förstel (Würzburg, 1995)
- Funeral Oration to His Brother Theodore, ed. ve çev. J. Chrysostomides (Selanik, 1985)
- The Letters of Manuel II Palaeologus, ed. ve çev. G. T. Dennis (Washington DC, 1977)
- Kydones, Demetrios. Démétrius Cydonès Correspondance, 2 vols, ed. R. J. Loenertz (Roma, Vatikan, 1951-1960).
- Thiriet, F. Régestes des délibérations du sénat de Venise concernant la Romanie, 3 vols (Paris, 1958)
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 26, 2021 |
| Submission Date | September 16, 2021 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2021 Volume: 4 Issue: 2 |
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